Hot Water Extraction

Hot Water Extraction (HWE) is a method of carpet cleaning. It involves a combination of hot water and cleaning agents being injected into the fibers of a carpet at high pressure and all lifted soil being removed by a powerful vacuum.

Process
Though commonly called "steam cleaning", no actual steam is involved in the HWE cleaning process apart from steam that may escape incidentally from hot water. When the cleaning solution comes in contact with the carpet, it is 50 to 120 degrees Celsius, depending on the heat available from the cleaning unit. In a modern truck-mounted carpet cleaning machine, water can be heated under pressure to over 150 degrees Celsius, but after passing through high-pressure steel braided hose and several manifolds, the water loses much of its heat.

HWE begins with preconditioning using a pre-spray cleaner with a typical alkalinity of 7 pH or above being applied to the soiled surface, followed by light agitation with a grooming or pile brush. For heavily soiled areas a Counter-Rotating Brush (CRB) can be used after the appropriate dwell time. Next, the surface is passed over several times with a cleaning wand or rotary extractor to thoroughly rinse out the preconditioner, using an acidic solution to reduce the pH of the carpet fibers back to a neutral state. In the next stage, the carpet is dried using a fan or carpet dryer. The final stage is resetting the carpet pile to remove any unsightly wand lines, commonly referred to as "shark teeth", with a carpet groom or brush.

Machines
Professional machines range from portable machines, which use electricity to heat the water and power the water pump and vacuum motors, to larger truck-mounted machines. Truck-mounted machines are normally either powered by a stationary engine or PTO powered machines installed in a van or truck. Portable machines are able to access difficult to reach buildings and higher floors, while truck-mounted machines are more powerful and can clean and dry faster. Consumer-grade rental machines use similar technology to professional systems, but with less power and usually without an element to heat water. These units are not typically labeled as HWE systems.

Benefits
There are many benefits of hot water extraction cleaning. One of them is that it is ideal for those who are allergic to chemicals or asthma patients. This is because HWE makes use of high water volume but little detergent. The process is also safe for children, pets as well as the environment. In contrast to dry cleaning, it refreshes the entire carpet and makes it look like new. There is also no worry about chemical residue since little detergent and high volume of water is used.